Analisis Profil Sociodemografi Dan Literasi Keuangan Dalam Persiapan Pensiun Pada Responden Usia Produktif

Murviana Koto

doi:10.59086/jeb.v4i2.1028

Authors

Murviana Koto Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59086/jeb.v4i2.1028

Keywords:

Sociodemografi, Literasi Keuangan, Persiapan Pensiun

Abstract

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis profil sosiodemografi responden dan hubungannya dengan literasi keuangan dalam mempersiapkan masa pensiun. Data dikumpulkan dari 140 responden usia produktif di Medan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebagian besar responden berusia 25-45 tahun, didominasi perempuan, dengan pendapatan keluarga di bawah Rp 10 juta per bulan. Investasi aset riil lebih dominan daripada produk pasar modal. Persiapan pensiun, seperti menabung aset keuangan dan asuransi tambahan, tetap rendah, sementara persiapan non-keuangan, seperti pemeriksaan kesehatan dan kegiatan alternatif, perlu ditingkatkan. Disimpulkan bahwa literasi keuangan yang memadai sangat penting untuk meningkatkan kesiapan pensiun.

This study aims to analyze the sociodemographic profiles of respondents and their relationship to financial literacy in preparing for retirement. Data were collected from 140 productive-age respondents in Medan. The results show that most respondents are aged 25-45, predominantly women, with a family income below IDR 10 million per month. Investment in real assets is more dominant than in capital market products. Retirement preparation, such as saving financial assets and additional insurance, remains low, while non-financial preparation, such as health check-ups and alternative activities, needs to be improved. It is concluded that adequate financial literacy is essential to improving retirement readiness.

References

Atkinson, A., & Messy, F. (2012). Measuring financial literacy: Results of the OECD / International Network on Financial Education (INFE) pilot study. OECD Working Papers on Finance, Insurance and Private Pensions, No. 15.

Behrman, J. R., Mitchell, O. S., Soo, C. K., & Bravo, D. (2012). How financial literacy affects wealth accumulation. American Economic Review.

Brigham, E. F., & Ehrhardt, M. C. (2013). Financial management: Theory & practice.

Cheung, K. (2019). Pengaruh literasi keuangan terhadap pengelolaan keuangan pribadi. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan.

Clark, R. L., Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2017). Employee financial literacy and retirement plan behavior: A case study. Economic Inquiry, 55(1), 248–259. https://doi.org/10.1111/ecin.12389

Huston, S. J. (2010). Measuring financial literacy. Journal of Consumer Affairs, 44(2), 296–316. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6606.2010.01170.x

Indonesiana.id. (2023). Kenapa kesadaran punya dana pensiun di Indonesia sangat rendah. https://www.indonesiana.id/read/155188

Kurniawan, D., Sharasanti, A., & Prayitno, B. (2024). Pengelolaan dana pensiun yang efektif dan efisien dalam menjamin kesejahteraan keuangan di masa tua. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 3(3), 180–190.

Jappelli, T., & Padula, M. (2013). Investment in financial literacy and saving decisions. Journal of Banking & Finance, 37(8), 2779–2792. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbankfin.2013.04.014

Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2011). Financial literacy and retirement planning in the United States. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 10(4), 509–525. https://doi.org/10.1017/S147474721100045X

Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The economic importance of financial literacy: Theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5–44.

Lusardi, A., Michaud, P.-C., & Mitchell, O. S. (2017). Optimal financial knowledge and wealth inequality. Journal of Political Economy, 125(2), 431–477. https://doi.org/10.1086/690962

Lusardi, A., & Tufano, P. (2015). Debt literacy, financial experiences, and overindebtedness. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance, 14(4), 332–368. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747215000232

Mediaindonesia.com. (2023). Literasi dan inklusi dana pensiun Indonesia masih rendah. https://mediaindonesia.com/ekonomi/123456/literasi-dan-inklusi-dana-pensiun-indonesia-masih-rendah

OECD. (2014). OECD/INFE guidelines on financial education in schools. OECD Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9789264210422-en

Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). (2019). Survei nasional literasi dan inklusi keuangan. Jakarta: OJK.

Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). (2021). Survei nasional literasi dan inklusi keuangan. Jakarta: OJK.

Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). (2022). Survei nasional literasi dan inklusi keuangan. Jakarta: OJK.

Otoritas Jasa Keuangan (OJK). (2023). Statistik dana pensiun. Jakarta: OJK.

Pohan, T. M., Yusuf, M., & Azizah, S. (2021). Literasi keuangan dalam pengelolaan keuangan pribadi. Jurnal Ekonomi Syariah, 9(2), 112–123.

Rooij, M. V., Lusardi, A., & Alessie, R. (2011). Financial literacy and retirement planning in the Netherlands. Journal of Economic Psychology, 32(4), 593–608. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joep.2011.03.004

Suara.com. (2023). Bikin kaget, ternyata hanya 6% penduduk RI yang punya perencanaan keuangan pensiun. https://www.suara.com/bisnis/2023/09/06/225631

Van Rooij, M., Lusardi, A., & Alessie, R. (2012). Financial literacy, retirement planning and household wealth. Journal of Pension Economics and Finance. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1474747212000248

Widayati, R. (2012). Pengaruh literasi keuangan terhadap pengambilan keputusan keuangan mahasiswa. Jurnal Ekonomi dan Bisnis, 7(2), 45–54.