Evaluasi Kinerja Antena UWB Cone Es Krim untuk Aplikasi IoT Berbasis 5G melalui Simulasi Pola Radiasi

Ahmad Arief

doi:10.59086/jti.v4i3.1143

Authors

Ahmad Arief Universitas Al-Azhar Medan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.59086/jti.v4i3.1143

Keywords:

Antena UWB, Jaringan 5G, Pola radiasi, Kinerja antena UWB

Abstract

Kemajuan pesat teknologi komunikasi nirkabel membutuhkan sistem antena efisien yang mendukung transmisi data berkecepatan tinggi dan latensi rendah, terutama untuk aplikasi 5G dan IoT. Penelitian ini mengevaluasi pola radiasi dua dimensi (2D) antena berbentuk kerucut es krim yang beroperasi pada frekuensi pusat 6 GHz dalam spektrum Ultra-Wideband (UWB). Menggunakan MATLAB dan model matematika yang disederhanakan, sepuluh variasi pola radiasi disimulasikan berdasarkan fungsi sinus dan kosinus pada sudut elevasi (θ) dan azimuth (φ). Hasilnya menunjukkan bahwa pola seperti sin²(θ), |cos(3φ)|, dan sin(θ)·cos(θ) memberikan distribusi daya yang sesuai untuk berbagai skenario IoT, baik statis maupun dinamis. Beberapa konfigurasi sangat efektif di lingkungan multipath atau dalam ruangan dengan cakupan tersegmentasi. Kinerja radiasi simetris dan omnidirectional dari desain kerucut mendukung konektivitas yang konsisten di semua arah. Selain itu, struktur geometrisnya memungkinkan fabrikasi dan penyetelan praktis untuk frekuensi tertentu. Secara keseluruhan, antena kerucut es krim menunjukkan potensi yang kuat untuk sistem komunikasi modern yang membutuhkan jangkauan luas dan efisiensi energi. Temuan ini berfungsi sebagai referensi dasar untuk desain fisik di masa mendatang dan implementasi antena UWB di dunia nyata dalam jaringan 5G dan IoT.

The rapid advancement of wireless communication technology necessitates efficient antenna systems that support high-speed, low-latency data transmission, particularly for 5G and IoT applications. This research evaluates the two-dimensional (2D) radiation pattern of an ice cream cone-shaped antenna operating at a center frequency of 6 GHz within the Ultra-Wideband (UWB) spectrum. Using MATLAB and a simplified mathematical model, ten radiation pattern variations were simulated based on sine and cosine functions over elevation (θ) and azimuth (φ) angles. The results reveal that patterns such as sin²(θ), |cos(3φ)|, and sin(θ)·cos(θ) provide power distributions suitable for various IoT scenarios, both static and dynamic. Some configurations are particularly effective in multipath or indoor environments with segmented coverage. The symmetrical and omnidirectional radiation performance of the cone design supports consistent connectivity across directions. Additionally, its geometric structure allows practical fabrication and tuning for specific frequencies. Overall, the ice cream cone antenna demonstrates strong potential for modern communication systems requiring broad coverage and energy efficiency. These findings serve as a foundational reference for future physical design and real-world implementation of UWB antennas in 5G and IoT networks.

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Evaluasi Kinerja Antena UWB Cone Es Krim untuk Aplikasi IoT Berbasis 5G melalui Simulasi Pola Radiasi

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